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Turkey Cooking Time Calculator

Roasting time, thawing time, servings and when to start — by turkey weight

Updated · US rules · Free, no signup

Roasting time at 325°F

3h 45m

Roasting time (hours)

3.75 hours

USDA range for this size

3h 00m – 3h 45m (12–14 lb)

Put it in the oven at

12:45 PM

Allows 30 minutes of resting before dinner.

Refrigerator thawing time

3.5 days

Cold-water thawing time

7 hours

People it feeds

14

  • Move it from freezer to fridge about 4 days before cooking.
  • Done when a thermometer reads 165°F (74°C) in the thickest part of the thigh, wing and breast.

USDA roasting timetable at 325°F

Turkey weightUnstuffed roasting time
8–12 lb2h 45m – 3h 00m
12–14 lb3h 00m – 3h 45m
14–18 lb3h 45m – 4h 15m
18–20 lb4h 15m – 4h 30m
20–24 lb4h 30m – 5h 00m

About the Turkey Cooking Time Calculator

This turkey cooking time calculator tells you how long to roast a whole turkey at 325°F (163°C), based on its weight and whether it is stuffed. It also works out how many days the bird needs to thaw in the refrigerator, how long a cold-water thaw takes, how many people it feeds and — if you enter when you want to eat — what time it should go into the oven.

Roasting times follow the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service timetable for a fresh or fully thawed turkey in a conventional oven, interpolated smoothly between the weight brackets so a 15 lb bird gets a 15 lb answer. Thawing uses USDA guidance of about 24 hours in the fridge for every 4–5 pounds (we use the conservative 4 lb) and 30 minutes per pound in cold water, changing the water every 30 minutes.

Times are estimates: oven accuracy, pan, and how cold the bird is all matter. The turkey is safe when a food thermometer reads at least 165°F (74°C) in the thickest part of the thigh, the wing and the breast — and in the center of any stuffing. Let it rest for 20–30 minutes before carving.

With the default inputs, the roasting time at 325°f is 3h 45m. Change any value above to recalculate instantly.

How to use the turkey cooking time calculator

  1. 1Enter the turkey’s weight from the label and choose lb or kg.
  2. 2Switch on “Stuffed” if you will cook stuffing inside the bird.
  3. 3Pick how much turkey to allow per person.
  4. 4Enter the time you want to eat to get an oven start time.
  5. 5Start thawing on time, then check the temperature with a thermometer before serving.

Formula and method

Roast time = interpolated USDA time for weight; fridge thaw = lb ÷ 4 days; cold-water thaw = lb × 0.5 hours; servings = lb ÷ lb-per-person

The USDA FSIS timetable gives a time range for each weight bracket at 325°F. The calculator treats the bottom of each bracket as the shortest time and the top as the longest, and interpolates in between — so a 16 lb unstuffed turkey sits halfway between 3¾ and 4¼ hours. Below 8 lb it scales proportionally, and above 24 lb it extends the last bracket’s rate.

Refrigerator thawing uses 1 day per 4 lb (the conservative end of USDA’s 4–5 lb per day), and cold-water thawing uses 30 minutes per pound. The oven start time subtracts the roasting time plus a 30-minute rest from your dinner time.

W
Turkey weight in pounds (kg × 2.2046)
t
Roasting time in hours at 325°F

Worked examples

14 lb unstuffed turkey for a 5 PM dinner

A 14 lb unstuffed turkey takes about 3¾ hours at 325°F. Allowing 30 minutes to rest, it should go in at 12:45 PM. Thawing takes about 3½ days in the fridge or 7 hours in cold water, and it serves around 14 people.

20 lb stuffed turkey with leftovers

A stuffed 20 lb bird needs about 4¾ hours. It needs 5 days in the fridge to thaw. At 1.5 lb per person it feeds 13 hungry guests, and for a 6 PM dinner it goes in at 12:45 PM.

6 kg unstuffed turkey

Six kilograms is about 13.2 lb, which falls in the 12–14 lb bracket. Interpolating gives roughly 3 hours 28 minutes at 325°F (163°C) and about 3⅓ days to thaw in the fridge.

Frequently asked questions

How long do I cook a turkey per pound?+

At 325°F the USDA chart works out to roughly 12–16 minutes per pound for an unstuffed turkey and about 13–18 minutes per pound for a stuffed one. Smaller birds take proportionally longer per pound, which is why the USDA chart uses weight brackets.

What temperature should a cooked turkey be?+

The USDA says a whole turkey is safe at 165°F (74°C), measured in the thickest part of the thigh, the innermost part of the wing and the thickest part of the breast. Stuffing must also reach 165°F.

How long does it take to thaw a turkey?+

In the refrigerator allow about 24 hours for every 4–5 lb, so a 16 lb turkey needs 3–4 days. In cold water allow 30 minutes per pound and change the water every 30 minutes. Cook a cold-water thawed turkey immediately.

How much turkey do I need per person?+

Plan about 1 lb of whole turkey per person, because bones make up much of the weight. Use 1.5 lb per person if you want generous portions or leftovers for sandwiches.

Should I cook a turkey at 325 or 350?+

USDA timings are for 325°F, which cooks the bird evenly without drying the breast. A hotter oven cooks faster but dries the breast more easily, and there is no official USDA timetable for 350°F — if you roast hotter, start checking well before the 325°F time and go by the thermometer rather than the clock.

How long should a turkey rest?+

Rest the turkey for 20–30 minutes, loosely tented with foil, before carving. Juices settle back into the meat and the temperature continues to rise a few degrees.

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